I think it's better to have lsa in salt form like tartrate or something, if you would like to make a tincture .

1) CWE (w/ dh20 and a dash of tartaric acid for luck as jp would say...)
- Optimal time unknown - go overboard
- Add some ascorbic acid for oxygen buffer.

2) Add ~equal value of nonpolar solvent - I recommend vegetable oil, any
kind. (organic section if you wanna have certified organic lsx crystallin )

3) Base to ~pH of 10, preferably with a volatile base (will evap).
-At this point light,heat,and air are a very big concern, take
precautions!
-Shake multiple times, allowing to settle.

4) Separate keeping nonpolar layer (the vegetable oil)
- The oil should contain the alkaloids from the seeds, along with a bit of
the poisonous/bad stuff.

5) Repeat 3-4 2-3 times. (optional, insignificantly improves yield)

6) Prepare dilute solute ~pH 6.
- Tartaric is preferable for stability/availability, however will not evap
away.
- Vinegar will not residue, go with this if your molar math is bad.
- Again, dash of ascorbic acid added to buffer.

7) Heat estimated quantity of aqueous acid slowly to ~90 F
- See a post by JP many pages back on such calculations if you
cannot handle it.

Quickly, limiting cooling time, add heated acidic solution to nonpolar
extract saved in 4. Shake for ~30 seconds, decant ASAP, keeping acidic
solution. (use rotary of some form-mounted bicycle tire?-to minimize
separating time.)

9) Cool rapidly in a dark safe fridge under a lid. If this is a 2nd+ extraction
seed the precipitation by adding some previously recovered crystals.
Allow min 24 hours for crystallization to complete.

10) Filter without allowing warming(coffee filter in the fridge), or vacuum
powered filter in few minutes.

11) Store crystals in a dark safe oxygen free environment, or in a oxygen
buffered vial with extreme potency.

True, vegie oil, ive stuck to organic sunflower oil, im sure chloroform, chem. grade methanol, etc. would work better, and with less 'fucking around steps'

Vegie Oil:

Drawbacks:
It is low in volatility, so it is hard to eliminate.(easy to separate!)
It is fairly viscous and high in molecular weight, so mass transfer through it and separation from immiscible materials are slow.(why a rotar is a must!)
It is unstable; it can hydrolyze, particular in the presence of strong bases and it can oxidize. (why ascorbic acid is a must! - This is true for most otc nonpolars)

Advantages:
It is low in volatility.(safe)
It is low in flammability(safe)

Generally those round these parts have some methodology that is all around dangerous volatile solvents, in order to rapidly evaporate

The process detailed above eliminates the 'need' for any evaporating etc... The greatest advantage(I believe) is in the above process the fragile alkaloids are decently buffered, and exist in freebase form for as little time as possible.) Not to mention, if done perfectly precipitate size will be large and ~clear...

I suppose if one could somehow acquire lots of cheap say DCM it would be a different story entirely on the veggie oil... However Im willing to bet, that the most economical way to go is with more seeds/plant matter(Free-Dirt cheap) and accept loses due to a cheaper solvent.

Canola oil is a great idea. D-limonene would work better though, because it will mix faster with the water and separate faster than vegetable oil will. But other than that, there's no real benefit to using d-limonene in this case.
By the way, this washing has nothing to do with removing glycosides.
Cyanogenic glycosides are water soluble because of the sugar they contain and so they aren't removed by such a wash. Also, I haven't seen a reliable source showing that these seeds contain any cyanogenic glycosides, but a lot of people seem to think they contain them. I think this belief stems from the fact that the effects of some LSA analogs are very similar to the effects of cyanide poisoning.
It's believed that the non-polar wash removes volatile oils that are toxic and irritate the stomach. Many volatile oils are toxic, and these seeds do contain volatile oils. This is the most believable in my opinion.
Anyway, a wash does reduce a lot of the toxic side effects, especially stomach oriented ones.

This tek is dedicated to bluejay and persona who made me aware of the solubility of lysergic acid amides in acetone...

Anyone who has consumed morning glory seeds of related species in various ways will tell you that the unpleasantness far outweighs the value of the experience. This is due, I believe, to a group of chemicals in these species that are called 'resin glycosides'. Resin glycosides are unique to plants in this family. They are not to be confused with cyanogenic glycosides you find in apple seeds etc. Some of the resin glycosides are soluble in water and some are soluble in fat. This problem can easily be remedied by using 2 solvents, and the solvents I have chosen to use are acetone and water.

The acetone makes an ideal solvent because it is cheap and highly available, it evaporates quickly, and the smell is not overly unpleasant or powerful. The traditional extraction as referenced by persona involves an initial extraction with acetone mixed with a touch of HCl. The resultant extract is then defatted several times with DCM and then purified via TLC. While this extraction is very effective, DCM and TLC are not easily within the grasp of the novice kitchen extraction chemist so I have left them out of this tek. Also, instead of using HCl as the acid, I mix a saturated citric or ascorbic acid solution to add to the acetone as these acids are good antioxidants and their salts will help protect the alkaloids.

Ok, here goes...

1) Mix some citric or ascorbic acid into a small volume of water until it is saturated. You won't need more than a few drops unless you are extracting a huge volume of material.

2) Mix a few milliliters of your saturated solution with a small amount of acetone.

3) Grind your seeds and place them in a glass conatiner. It must be glass because acetone dissolves most plastics.

4) Add your acidic acetone solution to the ground seeds and then add enough acetone so that the seeds are fully covered in acetone. Let this mixture sit for a few hours, covered (acetone evaporates quickly) to allow the acetone to dissolve stuff out of the ground seeds.

5) Pour off the acetone into a glass dish for evaporation. You don't need to worry about filtration at this point as you will filter it in a later step. Some solid material mixed in makes it easier to scrape off the plate later anyway.

6) Repeat steps 4 and 5 several times

7) Allow the acetone to evaporate. I have found that leaving the dish on the kitchen counter overnight when there is nobody around is a very simple way to evaporate all the acetone. A fan will greatly accelerate the process down to an hour or 2 at the most.

Your result after evaporating is a crude a mixture of oils, alkaloids, and solid materials. Put the dish in freezer for a time until all the fats and fluids have solidified, this makes scraping much easier.

9) Scrape everything off the plate and add it to a small volume of distilled or filtered water (NOT tap). Use another small volume of water to wash off anything that is still on your evaporation plate and then combine the two aqueous solutions.

10) Place your aqueous solution in the refrigerator. The fats that are now floating on the top will solidify within a few hours.

11) After the fats have solidified, filter your aqueous solution through a coffee filter, cotton ball, or whatever else you have around. This will remove all the fats and solid materials, leaving you with a fairly clear water solution depending on how much seeds you extracted and the total volume of water you have. Stronger solutions will have an amber or brown tint to them, but it should be clear and not cloudy.

There you have it. If you evaporate your final solution to dryness you will end up with and amber brown syrup, or solid crystals if you added alot of acid in the beginnning. This extract produces no body load, and will probably give you a nice nap if you consume it.

Theoretical LSA ectraction from HBWR or morning glory seeds:

you need to start with a large ammount of seeds to be able to see any of the results as they contain so little of what you want.

1.) start by grinding up at least 100g+ of seeds (im shooting for kg's) into a fine powder.

2.) make a 4% solution of tartaric or formic acid in methanol (FASA might work) and add enough to the seeds to cover them with 1cm of liquid. more may have to be added as the seeds absorb the solution. let stand in the dark for a day or 2 then remove the solvent by vaccume evap (faster) or open air evap.

3.) once the seeds are compleatly dry pack in a column and drip a NP solvent through the seeds. test the solvent by evaping a drip every so often until it evaps clean. once its clean dry the seeds untill no more solvent can be smelled.

4.) make a weakly acidic (ph5) solution of water and the acid you previosly used. make at least 500ml (for 100g seeds) and do 5 pulls on the seeds combining all pulls then rinsing the seeds with 150ml of pure water saving that too. filter it all till it is compleatly clear.

5.) make a solution of lye and water to PH 10 and add that drop wise to the water extract with stiring (striplate) while chilled in an ice bath. you should see swirls of precip form and redisolve, keep adding the basic solution until the precip dose not desolve any more. the solution should be weakly basic now probally around 8.

6.) now add a clean NP solvent (DMF or chloroform would be best) shake and sep 3 times. remove the solvent by vaccume evap and you should have a clear to yellowish syrup.

7.) make a conc. tartaric acid solution and add it to the syrup untill all of it desolves. evap and you should have very clean crystals of lysergic acid amide tartarate. chromatography would get it cleaner.

from there it can be used as is (1mg per a 'hit' or added to drinks or whatever. it also can be put through hydrolsis and turned into lysergic acid....


what do you think? at .01% ish for MG seeds 100g should give you 100mg (if you get 100% yeild...) probally more like 25-50mg HBWR will get you more but have more fats and waxes so the defat will take longer. also this should all be done with as little light and heat as possable.

Morning Glories

The seeds of Ipomoea violacea were used by the Aztecs in
religious ceremonies. They were called "tlitliltzin". These seeds are
used religiously/medicinally by the Zapotecs, Mazatecs, Mixtecs,
Chinantecs in Oaxaca and are called "Badoh negro." Other species
(Ipomoea rubro-caerulea praecox, Ipomoea purpurea have tested positive
for indole alkaloids.) Ipomoea violacea is commercially available in
many horticultural varieties:
Heavenly Blue
Pearly Gates
Flying Saucers
Wedding Bells
Summer Skies
Blue Star
Alkaloids vary from a low of 0.005% to a high of 0.079%.
References: Genest 1966; Marderosian 1964; 1966; Nikolin 1972;
Niwaguchi 1969; Taber 1963.


Argyreia nervosa

Hawaiian Baby Woodrose (Argyreia nervosa) also called woolly
wood roses are beautiful vines that grow in Hawaii, Mexico, and the
southern parts of Texas, California and Florida. The plant is believed to
originate from India. The Hindus used the roots in the treatment of
inflammatory disease. The alkaloid constituents of seeds range from a
low of 0.5% to a high of 0.9%. Ergine and isoergine make up approximately
54% of the total alkaloids.
The leaves of the morning glory contain only traces of ergolines.
References: (Chao 1973) (Hylin 1965). Ingestion of seeds described
produces lethargy, nauseousness and vomiting.
"Although theoretically possible, manufacture of LSD from morning
glory seeds is not economically feasible and these seeds never have
been found to be a successful starting material for LSD production."
DEA 2003
Ergot Alkaloids and Ergolines 109
Extraction of Ergoline Alkaloids
From Seeds

Method A
Pulverized seeds (100 grams) must be defatted before extraction
of alkaloids. Naphtha or petroleum ether are suitable solvents for fat
extraction of the seeds. The seeds can be refluxed in the solvent or they
can be refluxed in a Soxhlet extractor. The seed mash is then filtered
from the solvent. Total extraction of fats is accomplished when new
solvent extract leaves no greasy residue on evaporation.
The seed mush is then allowed to dry of solvent, mixed with
500 mL of 10% ammonium hydroxide (strong ammonia water) and
extracted with ether or appropriate solvent. Evaporation of the solvent
leaves the alkaloids. Reference: (Genest 1965)



Method B
100 Grams of pulverized seeds is mixed with 50 grams of sodium
bicarbonate and 100 mL of water. 100 Grams of anhydrous sodium
sulfate are mixed to leave the mass dry and granular. The mass is
extracted three times with one liter of ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate
solutions are combined and evaporated to leave the alkaloid residue.
Reference: (Marderosian 1966)
All extractions should be done under inert atmosphere. Ergot
alkaloids will decompose in light, heat and air. Tartrate and maleate
salts are less susceptible to destruction.

ABSTRACT Previous work showed that the exocyclic
amino groups of nucleic acid components react quickly at
ambient temperature with acetaldehyde and ethanol to yield
mixed acetals [R-NH-CH(CH3)-O-C2H5]. We now find that the
same type of reaction occurs readily with the nitrogen of
3-substituted indoles (e.g., indole-3-acetic acid and N-acetyl-
tryptophan), analogues of the amino acid tryptophan. In
contrast, unsubstituted indole reacts very rapidly at the carbon
in ring position 2 or 3 with acetaldehyde to form bis(in-
dolyl)ethane without ethanol entering into the reaction. Prod-
uct structures have been confirmed by fast atom bombardment
MS and 1H NMR. The former reaction occurs optimally in
30-50% aqueous solution below pH 4. It also proceeds more
slowly and with reduced yields in aqueous media at more
neutral pH. This reaction may be of biological concern, as it
supplies a mechanism for protein modifications with possible
toxic effects in human tissues where ethanol is metabolized.

"As the months pass stored seeds lose both their viability and their psychoactive properties. Broken or damaged seeds also swiftly lose both of these powers."
Below is information that I have not found (and cannot be found) anywhere on the web but is from 2 old sources:
Mr. Cloud states the following:
"The combination of genetic factors, environmental conditions, and soil chemistry create as much as a sixteenfold variation in the psychoactive potency of seeds produced. Hormone treatment and attention to soil conditions and nutrients, however, go a long way toward maximizing the lysergic acid amide content of the seed harvest.

The ideal soil pH , or soil acidity, for producing seeds of high potency is around 6.5. Soil pH test kits are sold at nurseries and gardening supply outlets, which also sell formulas for adjusting soil pH levels.

Soils high in nitrogen and phosphates and low in potassium produce seeds of high lysergic acid amide content. Ideal soil potassium content for this purpose is approximately 1.5 parts per 100 parts dry soil. Soil tests kits sold at nurseries are used to check soil levels of nitrogen, phospates, and potassium. Individual nutrients as well as nutrient formulas sold at these locations are used to adjust soil levels of these substances.

In order to keep soil potassium content low, cultivators use sodium nitrate instead of potassium nitrate as a nitrogen source, and use sodium acid phosphate--as opposed to potassium acid phosphate--as a phoshate source.

Treatment with a hormone called gibberellic acid is used to maximize the lysergic acid amide content of the seed harvest.

Cultivators using pure gibberellic acid dissolve one gram in one liter of distilled water. When the plants are still seedlings, they add a few drops of this solution to the soil around each plant before watering. They repeat this procedure every two weeks as the plant grows, using more solution each time until they are using about a half ounce of gibberellic acid per plant when the plants are fully grown.

Timing is an important aspect of treatment with gibberellic acid. Since this hormone delays the maturation of the plants and inhibits production of flowers and seeds, treatment is discontinued a few weeks before the plants are to flower.

Morning Glories are planted in the Spring when there is no longer any danger of frost. The cultivation process starts by soaking the seeds in water overnight. An alternative to soaking is to nick the coating of the seed with a sharp blade.

The seeds are planted about one-half inch deep and at least six inches apart in fine, loosely-packed, light-textured soil. As the vine grows, they are supported on trellises.
Morning Glory seeds are harvested in the Fall at the end of the growing season, when the concentration of lysergic acid amides is at its highest. Morning Glory seeds are ripe when they have become dark and hard."

From Mrs. Superweed:

"The likely range in any species may fall between .005% and .079% total indole alkaloids in different batches of seeds. Freshly harvested seeds are best.

Sow seeds in their permanent location after danger of frost is past. The seed has a hard protective coat and may be slow to germinate . To hasten germination soak seeds in water overnight. Some experts advise cutting or filing the side of the seed farthest from the germ eye just enough that some white appears. I have tested both methods and found that the soaked seeds sprout faster and have a better chance of survival than the scratched seeds. Plant seeds 1/2 inch deep under fine soil, not less than six inches apart. Be sure to provide a fence, trellis or strings to support the fast-growing vines. If, at maturity, the vines do not seem inclined to produce flowers, stop watering for a few days and generally cut back on watering after that, but not so much that the plants wilt. This will hasten blooming. After that normal watering may be resumed.

Morning glories grow easily with very little care. Our task, however, is to get them to produce a maximum percentage of alkaloids. One factor influencing this is soil chemistry. Test your soil with a soil test kit, available for a low price at most nurseries. The soil should have a pH factor of about 6.5,a high phosphate and low potassium content.
High phosphate concentration increases indole alkaloid formation. Low potassium content of about 1.5 parts to 100 parts dry soil aids free tryptophan accumulation and biosynthesis. It also produces a low indoleacetic acid content, which means that more indole alkaloids will be formed.
This can be accomplished by using sodium nitrate instead of potassium nitrate for a nitrogen source and sodium hydrophosphate instead of potassium hydrophosphate to increase the phosphate content.

Experiments show that certain plant hormones also have a positive influence on the alkaloid potency of morning glories. A solution of one gram gibberellic acid in one quart water can be used on the soil around the roots
once every two weeks. Begin this treatment while plant is in the seedling stage. Use only a few drops at first and increase the amount as the plant size increases so that when the plant is full size you are using up to 1/2 ounce of solution per treatment.

Gibberellic acid costs about $5 per gram at most chemical companies. It stimulates growth as well as alkaloid production. Therefore its use must be discontinued several weeks before flowering time. Further experiments indicate that growth-inhibiting auxins such as alpha naphthalene acetic acid can also increase the combinations of these substances on the potency of morning glory seeds.

We are interested in hearing the results of your experiments. But even without the use of hormones and auxins amazing results can be achieved by employing the soil chemistry control method described in this article."

all seeds contain Lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide... some in higher
amounts.. i notice it when i been doing it too often.. slight vasoconstrictive buildup
problems.

Seems this does do alot more, its alot more refined, clean, less body high all mind high.. i extracted 700 riveas into 100 ml of lemon juice , 50ml water .. that sat 9hrs in the fridge(water stayed the color of lemon juice but smelled like alkaloids) i filtered and added 100ml of sherry wine and that sat 6hours.. A buddy and i sampled 12ml of this and the effect is way different from just eating the seeds or just a simple water extract..
No body feelings AT ALL, not even the normal body buzz.. just a extreme lsd like head and abstract thoughts, better sense of understanding.... Real soon i am def going to try a large dose ..I Feel GreaT...I will no longer do it any other way.....my friend says the same

Peter Webster (who presented a paper at the LSD symposium for Dr. Hofmann earlier this year) relayed his comments to me (not about the videos) but about the thread over at edot, and so did Professor Ruck of Boston University --I included some of their comments in the thread at edot here: http://www.entheogen.com...um/showthread.php?t=8998

a simple hydrolysis of ergotamine to ergine...
(simple water extraction that is let to sit for over 1 hr)....
before filtering and adding the high in acetaldehyde wine

Ergotamine and other ergopeptine alkaloids, the main
constituents of most ergot species, will also hydrolyse to lysergic acid
under these conditions, but under milder conditions these compounds do not
hydrolyse completely. With a weaker base such as potassium carbonate, and
at lower temperatures, ergotamine is partially hydrolysed to ergine. This
reaction, apparently long forgotten by chemists, was first discovered in
the early research on ergot alkaloids in the 1930s.[8] And it is this
process of partial hydrolysis that we propose as the method by which the
kykeon was prepared from ergot, converting the toxic ergopeptine alkaloids
to ergine and its epimer isoergine.

http://books.google.com/...EB9_WiHhPQM69s#PPA184,M1
very good info on studies of the partial hydrolysis

"The absence of evidence that artificial indole derivatives occur in nature is not evidence of their absence from nature either (Ott 2000 [1997-1998]). Ott (2000 [1997-1998]) has argued that we cannot be certain that the artificial indole derivative D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) will not eventually be found in nature. According to Ott (2000 [1997-1998]), assuming that analytical work on the indole derivatives in fungi of the Clavicipitaceae continues, it is all but certain that LSD will be isolated as a natural product. The close congener of LSD, lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide, has already been isolated from species of fungi (Claviceps species) and flora (Ipomoea and Turbina (Rivea) species) (Ott 2000 [1997-1998]). It is possible, as Ott (2000 [1997-1998]) has suggested, that the enzymes in some strains of Claviceps fungi are capable of converting lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide to the diethylamide when fed to submerged saprophytic cultures (Arcamone et al. 1961). Lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide has one ethyl group (CH3CH2-) with an added hydroxy group (-OH) attached to a D-lysergic acid amide (ergine) molecule. Instead LSD has two ethyl groups (CH3CH2-) attached to a D-lysergic acid amide (ergine) molecule. The possible in vitro synthesis of derivatives of D-lysergic acid amide (ergine) from C. purpurea (Fr.) Tulasne described by Perrine (2000) indicates that there is the potential for the natural conversion of lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide to LSD in this species in vivo. It is likely that other artificial indole derivatives also occur in nature but have not yet been isolated from any species of fungi, flora or fauna. Dimethyltryptamine, for example, once regarded as an artificial indole derivative, was originally synthesized in 1931 (Manske 1931) but was later discovered to be a natural product in 1955 (Fish et al. 1955). In the future it is likely that some artificial indole derivatives will be discovered in nature."

I have been doing a lot of research on morning glories and figured I'd post what I have learned.

A study of rivea seeds ( and an ipomoea relative) showed that when seeds and or plants are treated with a fungicide (surface sterilized for the seeds) that the plants are rendered alkaloid negative.

A study could not find genes for ergoline alkaloid pathways in ipomoea species, but found such genes in an epibiotic fungus that grows on ipomoea and can be found on the seeds. (several endophytes were found as well but not indicated as the source of the ergoline alkaloids.)

I have a hunch that a lot of the inconsistancies surrounding ipomoea enthogens has to do with the epibiote.

Lysergol is worth investigating... likewise I believe the lysergic acid hydroxyethlamide is very interesting.

I read of highly active A/B extractions that started with ethanol and ended up with a freebase residue that was black light reactive and a potent visual psychedelic when ingested on the order of milligrams.

I read of numerous ipomoea species containing ergoline alkaloids, like I. nil, however they are on average about 10-20X weaker than I. violacea.

I wonder now about using the epibiota of one ipomoea species to innoculate others (maybe surface sterilize some seeds of nil and then soak them for germination with some tricolor) Also it stands to reason that cultivation practices that are to maximize alkaloid content are those that are epibiote friendly.

There was obviously very little if any conversion of LSA to LSH.