Reminder: Comments are due tomorrow. My submission is below. I used Cosmic Lion's template and turned it into a running argument.Based on my personal experience in life, my understanding of science, my understanding of human history, my understanding of the scheduling effects on society, and my personal spiritual beliefs about nature, I strongly urge that the cannabis plant be unscheduled internationally.
In my personal life I have seen people with health problems get invaluable help from this plant. I have seen first hand how other people have been helped with multiple health issues such as anxiety and joint pain with cannabis. The most striking example was a friend with end of life stomach cancer. After being miserable for months taking synthetic pharmaceuticals to manage his cancer associated health issues, he was able to recover his appetite, control his nausea, and enjoy a new sense of well-being by using the cannabis plant. He was able to enjoy his last few months of life and was very grateful to the plant for this.
The science is clear on cannabis. A recent study published in 2/4/2018 showed that legalized medical cannabis lowers opioid use [1] in the USA. There is also promising research that cannabis may help slow the progression of Alzheimer disease by reducing production of beta-amyloid proteins [2]. All drugs have downsides, but scientific studies are consistently finding that the downsides of cannabis have either been overstated or false [3]. The more we learn about cannabis, the clearer it becomes that scheduling it internationally half a century ago was a grave mistake and has delayed scientific learning and caused unnecessary suffering on patients with treatable symptoms.
Cannabis has been used historically by human societies [4]. It has a history of safe use across different cultures spanning many centuries. Today, it is still used in India as Bhang, an ancient tradition that has thankfully survived the international scheduling of this plant [5]. This history shows that the WHO's decision to schedule the plant is short-sighted.
At a social level, the scheduling itself of the drug has done harm. By scheduling the drug, a lucrative revenue stream was provided to violent cartels. Also, unregulated cannabis substitutes have hurt and killed people [6]. In many countries, sentences and consequences of using cannabis far outweigh any negative consequences the plant may cause on its own. It can be convincingly argued that the scheduling of cannabis has been tremendously counter productive to public health and hurt many people unnecessarily.
At a personal and spiritual level, I believe that no abstract human institution should have the right to limit the personal freedom to access nature. I believe that many problems we have today are due to the fact that humans are growing detached from nature. The idea that a bureaucracy can pass judgment on an natural plant in its entirety is arrogant, egotistical, and cruel. This limitation of freedom is a drastic measure and the burden of proof should be high to schedule any part of nature. In the case of cannabis, the preponderance of scientific, historical, social, and personal evidence shows that the plant must be unscheduled immediately. A philosophical and moral argument along these lines can be found here [7].
Due to the damages caused by scheduling this medicinal plant (such as suppression of research [8], delayed access to life improving medicine, funding violent cartels, etc) the WHO should apologize for scheduling this plant 50 years ago. The statement should include what internal changes the WHO is going implement not make such a sad mistake again.
Those proposing that cannabis remain scheduled point to its downsides. While all drugs have downsides when looking at the complete picture, this point of view is unsustainable. I would ask these people to get to know cannabis patients at a personal level and understand how this plant has helped them.
Thank you for considering my opinion.
REFERENCES
1- Ashley C. Bradford, W. David Bradford, Amanda Abraham, Grace Bagwell Adams. Association Between US State Medical Cannabis Laws and Opioid Prescribing in the Medicare Part D Population. JAMA Internal Medicine, 2018; DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.0266
2- Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 973-984, 2014
3- Scott JC, Slomiak ST, Jones JD, Rosen AFG, Moore TM, Gur RC. Association of Cannabis With Cognitive Functioning in Adolescents and Young AdultsA Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. Published online April 18, 2018. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.0335
4- Mary Lynn Mathre, R. N., ed. Cannabis in medical practice: A legal, historical and pharmacological overview of the therapeutic use of marijuana. McFarland, 2012.
5- Burnell, Arthur Coke & Tiele, P.A (1885). The voyage of John Huyghen van Linschoten to the East Indies. from the old English translation of 1598: the first book, containing his description of the East. London: The Hakluyt Society. pp. 115–117. Full text at Internet Archive. Chapter on Bangue.
6- News article: "Synthetic marijuana leaves two dead and dozens with severe bleeding", Lindsey Bever, Washington Post, April 3 2018
7- Ostrowski, James (1990) "The Moral and Practical Case for Drug Legalization," Hofstra Law Review: Vol. 18: Iss. 3, Article 5
8- Nutt, David J., Leslie A. King, and David E. Nichols. "Effects of Schedule I drug laws on neuroscience research and treatment innovation." Nature Reviews Neuroscience 14.8 (2013): 577.