'Coatl wrote:A shaman is somebody who trips (or goes into a trance) for a reason (in my opinion) plain and simple. He may or may not use psychoactive drugs and may or may not practice healing and medicine.
Yes..well I agree to an extent.
I should add that I do not think that these people are exactly the same in every culture. A norse seidkona is not exactly the same as a amzonian currandero, who is not the same as a native american heyoka..who in turn is not the same as the siberian shaman.
The one thing that binds them is the idea of the world tree..and the direct experience of non-ordinary reality.
The term shaman gets thrown around alot and applied to to other cultures becasue some anthroplogist decided to generalize the term and lump all animism into one categoy.
These people are all similar in what they do, but not exactly the same.
I wont get into it too deeply, but what I am most connected with is seidr..I am of norse ancestory with some french/english so possibly welsh as well, lots of relatives from denmark..maybe saami as well..but i have connected the most with the norse. It is the way of my ancestors and it just fits me. Seidr is a form of norse or germanic trance magic that was most likely taught to the norse by the sammi noaide(saami form of shaman)..who was probabily the closest thing to the siberian shaman you can get..the saami and the siberians shared basically the same cosmology.
In the norse the practicer of siedr was known as the seidknona, volva..many differnt names. Healing is a part of was can be done with seidr, but not all practicioners of seidr heal. Seidr also may involve hexing.
Now among germaic peoples there was also spa craft..which differed from seidr in that it involves divination, casting runes, later on the tarrot..things like that. Seidr however was about going into a trance, leaving the body for other worlds, communing with spirits etc to accomplish certain tasks..it was knows as "sitting out". The only time the runes were used for this was in a form of song known as galdr..where the runes becomes a magical language that is chanted by a cirlce of people dancing around the one who was seithing. Seithing translates to something like "boiling"..some take that to mean literally the boiling of the conciouness as it expands and leaves to other places and also the boiling of water in a pot, as seidr was known to make use of certain plant hallucinogens that were brewed in potions.
Seidr was also largely associated with the god Freya, and also Odin or Wotan..though I personally belive that the practice predates the emergance of polytheistic gods and extends through from a more core animistic time..
The story goes that Odin was largely associated with runic magic, spacraft..and that Freya was sort of the keeper of seidr trance, or shamanistic magic. After the battle between the Vanier(freya's tribe) and Aesir(Odin's tribe) ended, some of the vanic peoples went to live in Asgard, the land of Aesir, and some Aesir went to live in Vangard, the land of the Vanir.
Freye was sent to live and rule in a palace in Asgard, where she became Odins lover, and she taught him the magic of trance and the seidr spirit journey...
Seidr was viewed as a mainly feminine practice..men were more into spacraft and divination and war. Howver there were still men who practiced seidr and they were viewed as effeminate men and even crossdresser..(similar to the heyoka of the Native American) Odin was known to be a cross dresser.
Now some associate Odin more with seidr than Freya and say that he actaulyl taught it to her..mostly because of the story of how he actaully gained knowledge of the runes..Odin made the untimate sacrfice..he sacrficed himself to himself, hanging upside down from ygdrassil(the world tree) for nine days, with no food or water, pierced his side with his own spier and gave up one eye..Odin died to learn the art of runic magic. Most interprete this as a symbolic shamanic death-rebirth experience se to the ingestion of the fly agaric mushroom.
Odin was associated the with fly agaric, and dressed in traditional red and white just like the amanita this is where the image of santa clause comes from. The norse god was a shaman god. Amanita was known as ravins bread and indeed Odin had 2 ravins and 2 wolves as pets. Interesting that wolves were one of the most hated animals amongst the norse..ravens were extremely sacred. Odin was also the only god who could travese though the 9 worlds of the ygdrassil world tree, riding on his 8 legged horse, slepnir.
Odin was also associated with mead beer, which was traditionally brewed with henbane and known as "pilsner"..
This is basically where witchcraft came from as well..which, BTW has NOTHING to do with wicca. Witch traditioanlly traslated to "hedge rider"..the hedge meaning the boundry around the community seperating it from the forest and the "unknown"..and also the boundry between the various worlds of the world tree..the hedge rider lived on the hedge itslef, waking 2 worlds crossing it into the other at ease.
I could go on and on but that sort of sums up Norse "shamanic" magic..or seidr.
Not everyone associated siedr with the gods and goddesses..I dont. There is evidence that it goes back much farther than that..to me it is about going into trance and working with plants and other spirits..and I think it's still a living tradtion that is growing, and with the gloabal communitcations we have these days we have even more access to other plants to use in our craft...
I dont feel the need to really try to be a currandero or heyoka or whatever becasue I know that i have my own traditions that I can look back on..which is important in the world today..diversity is a good thing..I dont really like how the term "shaman is applied to every culture doing this thing becasue it sort of becomes a cop-out in alot of ways, and people get this impression that this thing comes from only one area or group of people and that anyone else doing it is taking it from that tradition.
I have no problem with learning from other cultures and finding new techniques and allies in other plants that do not grow in northern Europe..becasue like i said, this is a living tradition...but I hate how when these things come up, people lump it all into this "shaman" category and instantly think native american.
I think that we would be better off if everyone would look back into history and study the "shamanic" equivalent of their ancestors..alot of techniques, plants etc seem to be lost these days because of the cultural generalization of it all as "shaman"..people dont feel the need to look beyond wikepedia definitions and such these days..it's really a tragedy..so much emphasis is put on ayahuasca traditions etc and others are marginalised...I am sure there is tons of new(old) stuff to be uncovered still, and that would be great becasue we could all share those ideas and techniques and the global journeying community could benifit..
I guess what I am saying is dont let YOUR ancestoral practice of this thing die. There might just be something of interest there.
Long live the unwoke.