Maybe I'm a little out of my comfort zone here, but the issues of "is this real" has been on my mind the last few months too...
But I guess if one can assume that everything we see/hear/smell etc is just electrical signals (as I said, maybe I'm totally wrong here) that our brains processes into our normal perception of the world around us, then the question comes to mind: Is the world around us the same, but our brains ability to decipher it becomes altered when we take psychedelic compounds?
When we have hallucinations do we see real things we cannot see without being on some mind altering substance? I really hope not :/ And without any evidences of that, I do not think it is real. But I do think that we can maybe be able to perceive things in the psychedelic state that could not otherwise be perceived.
But I think the brain gives you what you need to get (in some sense), if you had a "life-changing" experience while on mushrooms/aya, it was a life-changing experience even if it wasn't real...
I wouldn't mind myself finding out the meaning of all the things I experience while on the mushroom. I find it to be a good substance to work out my own problems. I get the ability to think about things I haven't thought about in years, then see those things in a perception I before was unable to see..
A little messy this stuff
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It's and interesting question with sooo many answers (probably), but maybe only one truth?